You know your dog better than anyone. So when they stop wagging that tail at dinnertime or look at you with those tired eyes after yet another 2 AM potty break, something inside you says—“This isn’t normal.” You start thinking—maybe it’s something they licked off the street? A little stomach bug? Or could it be something deeper, like IBD?

Now here’s the thing—living with a dog in India isn’t the same as raising one in New York or London. Our homes, our food, even our vets—all a bit different. And I’ve seen this firsthand—I spent time helping Indian pet parents deal with the puzzle of stomach issues in dogs.

IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) sounds fancy, but it’s just your dog’s tummy acting up again and again—and it doesn’t fix itself unless we step in. The good news? You don’t need a passport or imported food to manage it. What you do need is the right know-how, suited to our lives.

So, if your dog’s been off lately—less play, more poop, no interest in treats—this guide’s for you. No jargon. No drama. Just the honest signs to look out for, and the desi-smart way to help them heal.

Inflammatory bowel disease term can be misleading. It does not refer to just one condition. In reality, inflammatory bowel disease includes a group of chronic gastrointestinal diseases that are categorized by continued inflammation of the intestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease is different from a simple upset stomach that gets better in a day or two. Subsequent inflammation destroys the epithelial lining of the intestine, affecting digestion and nutrient absorption in the future.

The affected dogs are typically middle-aged and equal gender ratios are affected. Some breeds are also more commonly for being affected. In India, where our awareness of pet healthcare has made great strides but is still developing, we often either do not get IBD as a diagnosis, or we miss the diagnosis until it is more severe.

Identifying the symptoms of IBD in dogs sooner rather more quickly will give the best chance of management and prognosis. The problem is that these symptoms can also occur with many other conditions from Parasite infections (which we tend to see a lot with our Indian environment) to food sensitivities.

Watch for these warning signs:

• Chronic or recurrent diarrhea (sometimes with mucus or blood)

• Vomiting, especially on an empty stomach

• Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite

• Audible stomach gurgling (borborygmus)

• Increased flatulence

• Lethargy and decreased activity

• Poor coat quality

• Abdominal discomfort or pain

In the Indian context, these symptoms can be particularly challenging to manage during extreme weather conditions. Many pet parents notice flare-ups during the monsoon season or during periods of extreme heat, when bacterial growth and food spoilage become more common concerns.

There are several types of IBD in dogs, classified based on the type of inflammatory cells present and the location of inflammation. Understanding which type your dog has helps determine the most effective treatment approach.

Lymphocytic-Plasmacytic Enteritis (LPE)

Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) is the most prevalent type of IBD in dogs in India, representing approximately 60-70% of IBD cases diagnosed in India. LPE is characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the intestinal lining.

Eosinophilic Enteritis

Less common but often more severe, this type involves eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) infiltrating the intestinal wall. It’s frequently associated with food allergies or parasitic infections – both concerns that require special attention in India’s tropical climate.

Histiocytic Ulcerative Colitis

This rare form primarily affects Boxer dogs and French Bulldogs. It involves histiocytes (another type of immune cell) and typically affects the colon, causing severe, bloody diarrhea.

Granulomatous Enteritis

The least common form, this type causes the intestinal wall to thicken significantly, sometimes creating a blockage. It can be confused with intestinal cancer and requires careful diagnosis.

If you suspect your dog has IBD, a proper diagnosis is essential. In India, diagnostic capabilities vary widely depending on your location, with specialized equipment more readily available in metropolitan areas.

The diagnostic process typically includes:

1. Medical history: The veterinarian will ask about clinical signs, for how long, what and how the animal is fed, the environment they are in, etc.

2.  Clinical examination: Including palpation of the abdomen because the veterinarian will want to check for signs of pain, thickness of the intestinal loops, and enlargement of the abdominal lymph nodes.

3.  Blood Work: A complete blood count, biochemistry analysis, and some specific tests that can rule out other diseases.

4.  Fecal examination: To rule out parasites that are common in India’s tropical climate.

5.  Imaging: The veterinarian may want to do an abdominal ultrasound, or radiographs, to visualize the intestinal walls and rule out obstruction.

6. Endoscopy and Biopsy: This is the gold standard for diagnosis, but it can be difficult to find or only available in larger cities in India such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Chennai.

One of the most common questions I hear from worried pet parents is about inflammatory bowel disease in dogs life expectancy. The good news is that with proper management, most dogs with IBD can live normal, happy lives.

Factors affecting prognosis include:

• Severity of inflammation

• Response to treatment

• Age at diagnosis

• Presence of other health conditions

• Consistency of management

However, in cases where IBD progresses to protein-losing enteropathy (where the intestines lose vital proteins), the prognosis may be more guarded. This underscores the importance of early diagnosis and consistent management.

Diet is the foundation on which IBD is built, and finding the right inflammatory bowel disease dog's diet usually takes at a little trial and error. In India, the feeding aspect of dealing with IBD poses different challenges and opportunities.

Recommended Foods for Dogs with IBD

1. Novel protein sources : Proteins your dog hasn’t been exposed to before. In India, options might include:

   • Rabbit (available in some specialty pet shops)

   • Duck (increasingly available in urban areas)

   • Venison (though limited availability)

   • Fish (abundant in coastal regions)

2. Highly digestible carbohydrates :

   • Rice (easily available and a staple in many Indian households)

   • Sweet potatoes

   • Pumpkin (seasonal but beneficial)

3. Commercial options :

   • Hydrolyzed protein diets (available in major cities)

   • Limited ingredient diets

   • Prescription gastrointestinal diets

4. Home-cooked options (popular in India due to cost and availability):

   • Simple protein + rice combinations

   • Khichdi (rice and lentils) with a novel protein

   • Curd (yogurt) for probiotic benefits (particularly good in our climate)

Knowing what not to feed a dog with inflammatory bowel disease is equally important. Avoid:

1. Common allergens:

   • Beef

   • Chicken (though this is challenging in India, where chicken is the most common protein in commercial foods)

   • Wheat

   • Soy

   • Dairy (except for small amounts of curd/yogurt in some cases)

2. High-fat foods:

   • Fried foods

   • Fatty meat cuts

   • Ghee and oils in large amounts

3. Highly processed foods:

   • Many commercial treats

   • Foods with artificial colors and preservatives

4. Spicy foods:

   • A particular concern in Indian households where spices are abundant

   • Even mild spices can irritate an inflamed intestine

Understanding what triggers inflammatory bowel disease in dogs can help you minimize flare-ups. Common triggers include:

1. Food sensitivities or allergies

   • Certain proteins or additives

   • Sudden diet changes

2. Stress

   • Household changes

   • Travel

   • Boarding

   • Festivals and celebrations (a significant factor in India with our numerous festivals)

3. Bacterial imbalances

   • More common in India’s hot, humid climate

   • Can be exacerbated during monsoon season

4. Genetic predisposition

   • More common in certain breeds like German Shepherds, Boxers, and Retrievers

5. Environmental factors

   • Seasonal changes (particularly relevant in India’s distinct seasons)

   • Pollution (a concern in many Indian cities)

“During Diwali, my dog’s IBD always flares up – the combination of stress from fireworks, guests bringing treats, and the general disruption to routine is a perfect storm,” notes Deepak from Delhi.

Managing IBD in dogs requires a multi-faceted approach, often combining dietary management with medication. In India, treatment options have expanded significantly in recent years, though availability may vary by region.

Dietary Management

As discussed earlier, finding the right diet is crucial and often the first line of treatment.

Medications

1. Immunosuppressants :

   • Prednisolone (widely available in India)

   • Azathioprine (less commonly available)

   • Cyclosporine (available in major cities)

2.  Antibiotics  :

   • Metronidazole (commonly used and available)

   • Tylosin (less commonly available)

3. Anti-inflammatory drugs :

   • Sulfasalazine (for colitis)

   • Mesalamine (more expensive but available in urban centers)

4.  Probiotics and Prebiotics  :

   • Increasingly available in India

   • Some veterinarians recommend specific Indian brands

Alternative Therapies

Some pet parents find success with complementary approaches:

1. Ayurvedic supplements :

   • Triphala for digestive health

   • Amalaki (Indian gooseberry) for its anti-inflammatory properties

2. Slippery elm bark :

   • Available in specialty stores in larger cities

   • Helps soothe the digestive tract

3.  Omega-3 fatty acids  :

   • Fish oil supplements

   • Flaxseed oil (more readily available in India)

In some cases, despite best efforts, IBD can progress to more severe stages. Understanding the end stages of IBD in dogs can help you make informed decisions about your pet’s care.

Signs that IBD may be progressing to a more serious stage include:

• Severe weight loss and muscle wasting

• Persistent vomiting that prevents medication administration

• Development of protein-losing enteropathy

• Anemia

• Severe lethargy and weakness

• Poor response to previously effective treatments

During the end stages of IBD in dogs, treatment, palliative care become important. This might include:

• More frequent veterinary visits

• Fluid therapy to maintain hydration

• Nutritional support

• Pain management

• In-home care techniques

Managing a dog with IBD in India comes with unique challenges, from climate considerations to the availability of specialized foods. Here are some practical tips:

1. Establish a relationship with a trusted veterinarian

   • Preferably one with experience treating IBD

   • Consider telemedicine options if specialists aren’t available locally

2. Create a food sourcing strategy

   • Identify reliable sources for your dog’s specific diet needs

   • Consider online ordering for specialty foods

   • Have backup options during the monsoon or when travel is difficult

3. Manage climate challenges

   • Keep food fresh in hot weather (proper storage is crucial)

   • Be vigilant about clean water access

   • Watch for seasonal flare-ups

4. Build a support network

   • Connect with other pet parents managing IBD

   • Join online communities specific to Indian pet owners

   • Share resources and experiences

5. Keep detailed records

   • Track symptoms, diet changes, and medication responses

   • Use this information to identify patterns and triggers

Know when a flare-up requires immediate attention. Seek emergency care if your dog experiences:

• Severe, uncontrollable vomiting

• Bloody diarrhea

• Collapse or extreme weakness

• Signs of abdominal pain (crying, restlessness, abnormal posture)

• Refusal to eat or drink for more than 24 hours

Living with a dog with IBD can be challenging, but with proper management, most dogs can lead happy, comfortable lives. Remember that you’re not alone in this journey.

IBD in dogs is a journey that requires patience, consistency, and sometimes creative problem-solving, especially in the Indian context. But with the right approach, you can help your furry family member live their best life despite this condition.

Have questions about managing your dog’s IBD? Our team of veterinary experts can provide personalized guidance for your pet’s specific needs. Explore our veterinary consultation services now!

How long do dogs with IBD live?

With proper treatment and diet management, dogs with IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) can live a normal lifespan. Early diagnosis, consistent care, and regular vet monitoring are key. While symptoms may flare occasionally, most dogs can enjoy a good quality of life with the right support and adjustments.

How do you treat inflammatory bowel disease in dogs?

Treatment for IBD in dogs typically includes a combination of dietary changes, anti-inflammatory medications, probiotics, and sometimes antibiotics. Prescription diets are often used to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. In some cases, immunosuppressive drugs may be necessary. Regular vet visits help manage the condition effectively over the long term.

What foods trigger IBD in dogs?

Common triggers include beef, chicken, dairy, wheat, and artificial additives. Some dogs may also react to high-fat or low-fiber diets. Since sensitivities vary, identifying triggers often requires an elimination diet supervised by a veterinarian. Feeding a hypoallergenic or novel protein diet can help manage symptoms.

Can IBD be cured?

IBD in dogs cannot be fully cured, but it can be successfully managed. With long-term dietary changes, medication, and regular veterinary support, most dogs experience reduced symptoms and improved quality of life. Lifelong care is usually necessary, but many dogs live comfortably with consistent treatment.

Is IBD a lifelong disease?

Yes, IBD is generally a lifelong condition in dogs. While it can go into remission with proper care, flare-ups may still occur. Lifelong dietary control and periodic veterinary evaluations are essential to keep the condition under control and prevent complications like malnutrition or severe gastrointestinal distress.

Is IBD in dogs painful?

Yes, IBD can be painful or uncomfortable for dogs. Inflammation in the digestive tract may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, and bloating. Symptoms vary in severity but can significantly affect a dog’s well-being. Prompt diagnosis and treatment help relieve pain and improve overall comfort.

Do dogs with IBD drink more water?

Yes, increased thirst can occur in dogs with IBD, especially during flare-ups or if they’re experiencing diarrhea. Some medications, like corticosteroids, may also lead to more water intake. Monitoring your dog’s drinking habits and reporting changes to your vet is important for managing the disease.